21Feb

Autism Spectrum

A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder affects how a person perceives and interacts with others, which can lead to issues with social interaction and communication. Limited and recurring behavioral patterns are another feature of the illness. In autism spectrum disorder, the word “spectrum” refers to the broad spectrum of symptoms and severity.

Autism, Asperger’s syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and an unidentified type of pervasive developmental disorder are all disorders that were formerly thought to be distinct conditions that makeup autism spectrum disorder. The name “Asperger’s syndrome,” which is widely considered to be at the mild end of autism spectrum disorder, is nonetheless occasionally used.

Early-onset autism spectrum disease eventually results in issues with social, academic, and occupational functioning in society. Within the first year, autism signs in youngsters are frequently visible. A tiny percentage of kids seem to develop normally in the first year, but between the ages of 18 and 24 months, when they start to show signs of autism, they go through a period of regression.

Even though there is no known cure for autism spectrum condition, intense, early intervention can significantly improve the lives of many kids.

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How Many Types Of Autism Spectrum Disorder Treatment Are There?

There are numerous therapy options. Although some therapies include several different approaches, these treatments can typically be divided into the following categories:

  • Developmental
  • Behavioral
  • Educational
  • Psychological
  • Complementary and Alternative
  • Social-Relational
  • Pharmacological

Developmental Treatment

Developmental approaches concentrate on enhancing a narrow range of interconnected developmental abilities, such as language skills or motor skills, or a broader range of developmental abilities. Behavioral and developmental techniques are frequently integrated.

For those with ASD, speech and language therapy is the most popular developmental therapy. The person’s comprehension and use of speech and language are both improved by speech and language therapy. Some ASD sufferers use verbal communication. Others may use signs, gestures, images, or an electronic communication device to communicate.

The goal of occupational therapy is to help the patient live as independently as feasible. Dressing, eating, taking a shower, and interacting with others are examples of skills. Also possible in occupational therapy are:

Sensory Integration Therapy: Improved reactions to sensory input that may be restricting or overpowering can be achieved through sensory integration therapy.
Physical Therapy: Physical skills, such as little finger movements or bigger movements of the trunk and body, can be improved through physical therapy.
The Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), a comprehensive developmental strategy based on Applied Behavior Analysis concepts, was created. It is applied to kids 12 to 48 months old. To enhance language, social, and learning abilities, parents and therapists use to play, social interactions, and shared attention in natural environments.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Behavioral Treatment

Behavioral techniques concentrate on altering behaviors by comprehending what takes place prior to and following the behavior. The most effective methods for addressing ASD symptoms are behavioral ones. They are employed in numerous schools and treatment facilities and have gained widespread acceptance among educators and medical experts. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a well-known behavioral therapy for people with ASD. To enhance a number of skills, ABA promotes desired behaviors while discouraging undesirable ones. Progress is monitored and quantified.

Discrete Trial Training (DTT) and Pivotal Response Training are two ABA teaching philosophies (PRT).

  • DTT teaches a desired behavior or response through detailed instructions. Lessons are simplified, and responses and actions that are desired are rewarded. Unwanted responses and actions are disregarded.
  • Instead of taking place in a clinic, PRT occurs outdoors. PRT aims to enhance a few “pivotal abilities” that will aid in the learner’s acquisition of numerous other skills. The ability to start a conversation with someone is an illustration of a crucial talent.

    Educational Treatment

    Treatments for education are provided in a classroom setting. The Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication-Handicapped Children (TEACCH) approach is one form of educational strategy. The foundation of TEACCH is the notion that persons with autism benefit greatly from consistency and visual learning. It gives teachers options for changing the setup of the classroom to enhance academic and other results. Daily schedules, for instance, can be written down or illustrated, then displayed in plain sight. Learning stations can have boundaries put around them. Visual cues or hands-on demonstrations can supplement verbal instructions.

    Psychological Treatment

    People with ASD can benefit from psychological strategies to manage their anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. One psychological strategy that emphasizes understanding the relationships between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors is cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). In CBT, the patient and therapist jointly decide on goals before the patient changes how they think about a situation in order to change how they react to it.

    Complementary and Alternative Treatment

    Some people, including parents, employ therapies that don’t fall under any of the other categories. These procedures are referred to as complementary and alternative procedures. Alternative and complementary therapies are frequently utilized in conjunction with more conventional methods. Specialized diets, herbal supplements, chiropractic adjustments, art therapy, mindfulness, and relaxation techniques are a few examples. Before beginning a complementary and alternative treatment, patients and their families should always see their doctor.

    Social-Relational Treatment

    The goals of social-relational therapies are to increase social competence and foster close relationships. Parents or peer mentors may be used in several social-relational strategies.

    • In order to increase communication possibilities, the Developmental, Individual Differences, Relationship-Based paradigm (commonly known as “Floor time”) encourages parents and therapists to follow the interests of the child.
    • Activities under the Relationship Development Intervention (RDI) paradigm aim to boost participants’ talents, motivation, and interest in engaging in social relationships.
    • Social Stories offer brief explanations of what to anticipate in social settings.
    • People with ASD have the chance to practice social skills in a structured setting by joining social skills groups.

    Pharmacological Treatment

    The primary signs and symptoms of ASD cannot be treated by medicine. Co-occurring symptoms are treated with several drugs, which can improve ASD patients’ functioning. For instance, medication may be used to regulate excessive energy, difficulty concentrating, or self-destructive tendencies like head banging or hand biting. Medication can be used to treat medical diseases including seizures, sleep disorders, and stomach or other gastrointestinal issues in addition to co-occurring psychological conditions like anxiety or depression.

    When thinking about using a medication, it’s crucial to engage with a doctor who has experience treating patients with ASD. Both prescription and over-the-counter medications fall under this category. To ensure that adverse side effects don’t occur, people, families, and medical professionals must collaborate to track development and reactions.

    For people with ASD, various treatments might be accessible. To learn more, consult a physician or other healthcare professional.

 

 

18Feb

अपने साथी के संग व्यायाम (couple exercise) करने के कई फायदे हो सकते हैं। सबसे पहले तो व्यायाम की शुरुआत आसान होगी, एक साथी होने से inertia को तोड़ना आसान रहेगा और एक दूसरे की motivation को जोड़ कर पहला कदम आसान रहेगा।

दूसरा, साथ रहने से motivation टूट कर व्यायाम छोड देने के चांस कम हो जाते हैं।
couple exercise
परस्पर स्पर्धा के रूप मे हंसते खेलते motivation वैसे भी बढ़ जाएगा।

व्यायाम ke समय मस्तिष्क से सकारात्मक रसायन जैसे endorphins, dopamine, endocannabinoids इत्यादि का रिसाव होता है। इनसे आपके मानसिक और शारीरिक आकर्षण को बल मिलेगा।

एक जैसे mirroring एक्शन जैसे कदम साथ चलना, हाथ का एक तरीके से ऊपर नीचे होना इत्यादि से आपके अवचेतन मस्तिष्क में एक दूसरे के प्रति भावनात्मक जुड़ाव बढ़ेगा ।

टेस्टोस्टेरॉन और अन्य सेक्स hormone भी व्यायाम से बढ़ाए जा सकते हैं, ये आपके शारीरिक संबंध के लिये भी अच्छा रहेगा।

संग समय बिताना आज के समय मे अत्याधिक कठिन होता जा रहा है, एक common activity आपको जोड़ने मे मदद करेगी।

इस तरीके से आपके व्यायाम और आपसी संबंधों के लक्षय पर आगे बढ़ने मे सहायता होगी।

18Feb

Catatonic Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a severe mental condition that includes symptoms such as catatonia. You are unable to distinguish between what is real and what isn’t when you have schizophrenia, which is referred to as psychosis.

Extreme movements are affected by catatonic schizophrenia. You might remain motionless and silent. Or you might unintentionally become hyperactive. The term “schizophrenia with catatonia” or “schizophrenia with catatonia” is now used to describe this illness.

Causes Of Catatonic Schizophrenia

We are unsure of what causes catatonia specifically. Researchers have discovered that individuals who have these symptoms exhibit atypical activity in the brain’s forebrain and hypothalamus, two regions that control how the body moves.

Typically, the condition develops in your late teens or early 20s. It is a chronic illness. However, the appropriate care will lessen your symptoms.

You are more likely to get schizophrenia if someone in your family has the illness. Alcohol and drug use can also make some persons with schizophrenia experience catatonic symptoms. The same is true for some antipsychotic meds and other medicines you might use to treat a mental condition that is underlying.

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Symptoms Of Catatonic Schizophrenia

Catatonia can manifest in numerous ways. Not moving regularly even though you are physically capable is a key indicator.

Typical signs include:

  • Goggling
  • No movement
  • No speaking
  • Hesitant response
  • Tapping of the foot or other repetitive motions
  • Repeatedly mimicking someone’s actions or speech

Catatonic Schizophrenia Symptoms

Catatonic Schizophrenia Diagnosis

Schizophrenia with catatonia is no longer a distinct diagnosis. Not only can schizophrenia cause catatonic symptoms, but also mood disorders, autism, and other illnesses. But it typically manifests in schizophrenia.

If you exhibit at least three of these 12 characteristics, your doctor might diagnose you with catatonia or catatonic schizophrenia:

  • You’re motionless or barely react to what is going on around you
  • Make peculiar motions or gestures
  • Allowing someone to passively place your limbs or other body parts
  • Ignore requests or instructions
  • You’re agitated or overactive without cause
  • For extended periods of time, raise your leg or maintain other uncomfortable positions
  • Keep yourself stuck in an uncomfortable position for a while and resist attempts to move you
  • Mimicking another person’s movements
  • Mimicking another person’s speech
  • Stupid motions like rocking, shrugging, and waving should be repeated
  • Make a grimace using your face
  • Keep quiet

Catatonic Schizophrenia Treatment

The symptoms of catatonia can often be significantly reduced by medications. They are the first line of defense against catatonia. In particular, ECT and a class of anti-anxiety medications known as “benzos” are regarded as the first-line treatments for catatonic symptoms. Your physician might advise:

Lorazepam (Ativan, Lorazepam, Intensol), an anti-anxiety medication, and Alprazolam (Xanax), a medication for epilepsy and anxiety
Benzodiazepines can be used orally or intravenously. If additional medications, such as lithium or memantine, are appropriate for you, your doctor may also recommend them.

Brain exercise: Either magnetic pulses or electrical currents are used in this procedure.

Electroshock treatment (ECT) This can cut your symptoms in half or perhaps completely eliminate them. If the medication hasn’t worked, your doctor may advise it. Short electric current bursts used in ECT pass via a cap on your head and into your brain. You can get disorientation and short-term memory loss after the treatment.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) A gadget that you wear on your head emits a magnetic pulse to stimulate the brain’s nerve cells. TMS has a higher ability than ECT to target particular parts of your brain. It also results in fewer issues with thinking and memory. TMS is newer than ECT, though, and its efficacy has not yet been fully established.

 

 

16Feb

How To Come Out Of Depression?

You can’t just will yourself to “snap out of it” when you’re depressed. But these coping mechanisms can assist you in overcoming depression and starting your road to recovery.

Why Is Coming Out Of Depression So Challenging?

Depression saps your motivation, hope, and vitality, making it challenging to perform the actions that will improve your mood. Sometimes it might be difficult or stressful to even think about doing the things you should do to feel better, like exercising or hanging out with friends.

The Catch-22 of depression recovery is as follows: The most difficult things to undertake are also the things that help the most. However, there is a significant distinction between something being difficult and something being impossible. Even if your depression is severe and stubbornly persistent, you have more control than you may know. Recovery from depression is neither quick nor easy. Starting small and expanding from there is the key. Even though you might not have much energy, if you use all of your reserves, you should be able to do things like go for a walk around the block or pick up the phone to call a loved one.

The hardest step is always the first one. But you can do things right now, like taking a stroll or getting up and dancing to your favorite tunes. And it can significantly improve your mood and energy for several hours—long enough to implement a second recovery step, like making a meal that will make you feel better or making plans to see an old friend. The following modest but effective methods should help you gradually lift the heavy depression-induced cloud and experience happier, healthier, and more hopeful feelings once more.

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Come Out Of Depression

The following actions can help you feel better. They might be small, but they have a big impact:

Exercise: Every day, go for a 15–30 minute brisk walk. Or you could dance, engage in sports, stretch, or practice yoga. People who are depressed might not feel particularly motivated to exercise. Convince yourself to do it nevertheless. Ask a friend to work out with you if you need some motivation. Any action that you start increases your mood. Persist in it.

Describe Yourself: Your sense of humor and creativity may seem to be restricted if you’re depressed. However, engaging in activities that inspire creativity might be beneficial. Draw, sketch, or paint. Cook, bake, or sew. Create music, dance, or write. Talk to a friend or engage in animal play. Look for anything to chuckle at. watch a humorous film. Do enjoyable stuff. even slightly That facilitates recovery from depression.

Consume Nutritious Foods And Get Enough Water: Some people who are depressed don’t feel very hungry. Some people might eat too much. But your energy and attitude can be impacted by what you consume. In order to avoid depression, you must eat well. That implies plenty of fruits, veggies, and whole grains for the majority of individuals. Limit meals like “junk” cuisine and desserts that have added sugar as well as basic carbs. Avoid fasting for an extended period of time. Eat a light, healthful meal even if you don’t feel hungry. Additionally, remember to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated. When possible, stay away from sugary and caffeinated drinks.

Observe The Positives: The perception of the world is impacted by depression. The situation may appear bleak, gloomy, and hopeless. Set a goal to focus on 3 positive things each day in order to change your perspective. The more positive things you notice, the more positive things you will notice.

Don’t Linger On Issues: Talking through a difficulty with a supportive buddy might feel nice. However, sadness can make people overly critical, accusatory, and problem-focused. It can help you remain aware of what is wrong.

It’s acceptable to discuss your ideas and emotions with caring others. But avoid talking only about your concerns. Discuss some positive things as well. Consider changing your negative thoughts to more optimistic ones. Your mood may improve as a result of this.

Most importantly, be compassionate and nice to yourself if you’re experiencing depression. Knowing you’re not alone in your struggles might be comforting. Don’t be too hard on yourself. Healing from depression takes time.

Overcoming Depression

 

15Feb

Types Of OCD

OCD can take many different forms, however, the majority of instances fit into at least one of four broad categories:

  • Having a mental illness such as pregnancy or schizophrenia, or checking things like locks, alarm systems, ovens, or light switches
  • Contamination, apprehension about potentially dirty objects, or a need to clean. You could get mental contamination if you experience being treated rudely.
  • Order and symmetry, the requirement that objects be arranged in a specific manner
  • Invasive musings, and a preoccupation with a particular idea. These ideas might include some violent or unsettling ones.

What Is OCD? (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)

The mental disease known as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts or sensations (obsessions) or the impulse to do certain repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Obsessions and compulsions are both common in some people.

OCD is not characterized by behaviors like nail-biting or pessimistic thinking. A compulsive habit might be washing your hands seven times after touching something that might be dirty, whereas an obsession might be the idea that particular numbers or colors are “good” or “bad.” You may not want to think or act in these ways, but you feel unable to stop.

Everyone occasionally has repetitive habits or thoughts. OCD patients may have or do the following:

  • Interfere with your social life, your job, or another aspect of your life
  • At least one hour each day
  • Aren’t entertaining
  • Are not under your control

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Diagnosis Of OCD

To confirm that something else isn’t causing your symptoms, your doctor may perform a physical examination and blood testing. They will also discuss your emotions, ideas, and routines with you.

OCD Types

Causes and Risk Factors for OCD

Doctors are unsure about the cause of OCD in some patients. Stress might exacerbate symptoms.

A little more women than males experience it. Teenagers or young adults frequently have symptoms.

OCD risk elements consist of:

  • OCD in a parent, sibling, or child
  • Physical variations in specific brain regions
  • Tics, depression, or anxiety
  • Knowledge of trauma
  • An earlier history of physical or sexual abuse

A youngster may occasionally develop OCD as a result of a streptococcal infection. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections, or PANDAS, is the name given to this condition.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

OCD Therapy

OCD cannot be cured. But with the help of medication, therapy, or a combination of treatments, you might be able to control how your symptoms interfere with your life.

Treatments include:

Psychotherapy: Your thought patterns may be changed with cognitive behavioral therapy. Your doctor will place you in an environment intended to induce anxiety or trigger compulsions as part of a technique known as exposure and response prevention. You’ll discover how to reduce, then stop, your OCD thoughts or behaviors.
Relaxation: Simple practices like yoga, massage, and meditation can ease the symptoms of anxious OCD.

Medication: Selected serotonin reuptake inhibitors are psychiatric medications that assist many people to manage their obsessions and compulsions. Starting to function could take two to four months. Escitalopram (Lexapro), citalopram (Celexa), clomipramine (Anafranil), fluvoxamine, paroxetine (Paxil), and sertraline are examples of common ones (Zoloft). Your doctor may prescribe antipsychotic medications such as aripiprazole (Abilify) or risperidone if you continue to experience symptoms (Risperdal).

Compulsions and Obsessions

Many OCD sufferers are aware that their thoughts and behaviors are absurd. They perform them because they are unable to stop, not because they like doing so. And if they quit, they feel terrible and restart.

Obsessive ideas might consist of:

  • Fear of harming yourself or others
  • Constant attention to body sensations like breathing, blinking, or other body functions
  • Suspicion of infidelity in a relationship but no solid evidence to support it

Among compulsive behaviors are:

  • Completing things in a predetermined order or a predetermined number of “excellent” times each time
  • Counting objects, such as steps or bottles
  • Fear of shaking hands, using public restrooms, or touching doorknobs

 

15Feb

What Is Schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia is a long-term, severe mental illness that impacts a person’s ability to think, act, express emotions, perceive reality, and interact with others. Schizophrenia can be the most persistent and incapacitating major mental illness, despite not being as common as other similar conditions.

Schizophrenia patients frequently struggle to function well in relationships, at work, in the classroom, and in society. They might be fearful, withdrawn, and show signs of disconnection from reality. Although there is no cure for this chronic illness, it can be managed with proper care.

Schizophrenia is not a split or multiple personalities, unlike what the general public thinks. Psychosis, a sort of mental disorder when a person cannot distinguish between the real world and their imagination, is a component of schizophrenia. People with psychotic disorders occasionally become detached from reality. The world may appear to be a tangle of perplexing ideas, pictures, and noises. They may act in a very peculiar and even startling manner. A psychotic episode occurs when a person experiencing it loses touch with reality and has an abrupt shift in personality and conduct.

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What Is Schizophrenia?

Each person’s level of schizophrenia is unique. Some people only experience one psychotic episode in their lifetime, while others experience multiple episodes throughout the course of their lifetimes while maintaining a largely regular lifestyle. Others might gradually experience increased difficulties with their ability to operate, with little progress in between full-blown psychotic episodes. In cycles known as relapses and remissions, the symptoms of schizophrenia appear to deteriorate and improve.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental condition that has an impact on a person’s thoughts, feelings, and actions. Schizophrenia sufferers may appear to have lost all sense of reality, which can be upsetting to both them and their loved ones. Participating in regular, everyday activities may be challenging for someone with schizophrenia, but there are effective therapies available. Many persons who receive treatment are able to participate in school or the workforce, become independent, and value their connections with others.