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PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID:
GOOD COMMUNICATION:
THINGS TO SAY & DO
1. Try to find a calm place, free of distractions to talk to.
2. Be patient & calm.
3. Show that you are listening – nod and make eye contact.
4. Stay close, but keep a comfortable distance as a person who has undergone a recent traumatic experience may feel threatened.
5. Provide correct & factual information. If the information is not available – ‘admit & assure to find it out as soon as possible’
6. Give information in the simplest way possible.
7. Acknowledge his pain & suffering.
8. Acknowledge his strengths & capabilities
9. respect their privacy, maintain confidentiality.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID:
GOOD COMMUNICATION:
THINGS NOT TO SAY & DO
1.Do not pressurize for information.
2. Do not interrupt o rush someone’s story.
3. Don’t give your opinions of the person’s situation
4. Don’t judge what they have or haven’t done- don’t say-“you are lucky to have survived…”
5. Don’t tell someone else’s story
6. Don’t tell about your own troubles.
7. Don’t make false promises.
8. Don’t feel you have to solve all the person’s problems.
9. Don’t take away their sense of capability and strength.
The world mental health day is celebrated every year on the 10th of October to create awareness about mental illness in the masses.
The first mental health day was celebrated in 1942 and since then has been carried n with greater participation till date.
This year’s mental health day theme is – Psychological First Aid!
What is psychological first aid?
In the simplest of words it means providing psychological & social support to a person in distress.
Who all can do it?
Anyone with the right guidance can, you need not be a doctor, counselor, nurse or religious figure.
When can it be done?
1. any natural disaster – floods, droughts, terror attacks, riots.
2. any personal distress – robbery, divorce, death of a loved one, loss of job.
3. anyone suffering from violence or abuse at home or work.
Why do we need Psychological First Aid?
People do better in long term if
They feel safe, connected to others, calm & hopeful.
They have access to social, physical & emotional support
They regain a sense of control by being able to help themselves.
Principles of Psychological first aid:
PREPARE – learn about
• Crisis event
• Available services & support
• Safety & security concerns
LOOK – observe for
• Safety
• People with obvious urgent basic needs
• People with serious distress reactions
LISTEN-
• Make contact with people needing support
• Ask about their needs & concerns
• Listen to them, help them feel calm.
LINK-
• Help people’s basic needs& access services
• Help people cope with problems
• Give information
• Connect people with loved ones and social support.
Mental Illness – Care giving for a person with psychiatric illness is quite different from care giving for a person with physical illness. Psychiatric illness has a multidimensional presentation extending much beyond the emotional and mental schemas. It is not just the longevity but the lack of insight and acceptance on the part of patient and family, the stigma and fear attached along with taking care of much more complex emotional needs, other direct and indirect physical needs, relatively anxiety-producing social needs amongst many other said and unsaid needs of the patient that gradually lead to caregiver burden amounting not just to stress or burnout but syndromal depression and anxiety in the caregiver itself. The major concern though is not just the presence of such, but the total ignorance, non-acceptance, and unimportance of this significant entity. Multiple studies, both national and international have repeatedly found a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety in caregivers of persons with mental illness vis a vis caregivers of patients with physical illness. Howsoever, it has never received due importance in the management plan of patients’ illness itself. It is quite easy to fathom the relationship of caregiver depression and anxiety with the patient’s prognosis. Whether it is an overtly anxious mother spilling her anxiety onto a young psychotic daughter, or a middle-aged wife coping with her husband’s depression after a loss in business by taking care of children, family, finances whilst ignoring her own fears, anxieties, and insomnia or the parents of an aggressive, violent, drug abuser son….it is all too evident to see and feel the need for addressing these complaints of the caregivers. Most of the time, these needs are not addressed as the caregivers themselves ignore their complaints and sweep them “under the carpet” for the need to focus on the patient without realizing that this would directly affect their caretaking abilities by making them feel irritable, anxious, weak, tired, lethargic and finally worsening the already challenging situation. At other times, the family and loved ones too ignore this by deciding to work more upon the patient than the caretaker. Sometimes, even when the caregiver does reach a psychiatrist, it is mostly about medication but the equally important task of learning adaptive coping skills, stress management, and regular counseling is not attended to. The caregivers need a significant amount of social support and understanding to tide over their difficulties. Hence it becomes the onus of each and everyone involved, the patient, the family, the caregiver and the treating doctor to identify and address this important entity called the caregiver burden.
